广东湛江红树林保护区大型底栖动物群落的空间分带

用生态样带研究了广东湛江红树林保护区高桥镇核心区大型底栖动物的空间分带。结果表明：德耀村红树剖面中出现的大型底栖动物优势种类为琵琶拟沼螺、悦目大眼蟹、扁平拟闭口蟹、宽身闭口蟹、黑口滨螺、等齿角沙蚕、弧边招潮和中华伪露齿螺。该剖面大型底栖动物从高潮位到低潮位可分为3个分布带：琵琶拟沼螺-弧边招潮-浓毛拟闭口蟹带；宽身闭口蟹．悦目大眼蟹．黑口滨螺带；扁平拟闭口蟹-珠带拟蟹手螺带。群落生物量的变化主要由软体动物所主导，栖息密度的变化主要由软体动物和甲壳动物所主导，多样性指数变化主要由软体动物所主导。红寨村红树剖面中出现的大型底栖动物优势种类为琵琶拟沼螺、蝼姑虾、扁平拟闭口蟹、宽身闭口蟹、耳螺科的一种、黑口滨螺、中华伪露齿螺、哈氏仿对虾、弧边招潮和等齿角沙蚕。该剖面大型底栖动物也可分为4个分布带：黑口滨螺-中华伪露齿螺-等齿角沙蚕带；琵琶拟沼螺-宽身闭口蟹-耳螺科的一种带；蝼蛄虾．扁平拟闭口蟹带；沈氏长方蟹-珠带拟蟹守螺带。群落生物量的变化也主要由软体动物所主导，栖息密度的变化主要由甲壳动物所主导，多样性指数变化主要由软体动物所主导。底栖动物群落的等级聚类和非参数多变量标序显示，大型底栖动物分带与红树植物群落类型相一致。大型底栖动物分带受红树植物群落类型影响的主要原因是不同红树植物群落间的群落特征、沉积物性质和所处潮位线存在差异。

Spatial zonation of macrofauna in the Zhanjiang Mangrove Nature Reserve, Guangdong

The spatial zonation of macrofauna in the core region of Zhanjiang Mangrove Nature Reserve (located along coastal areas of the Leizhou Peninsula, Guangdong, China) was studied with two transects vertical to the shoreline. The first transect was near Deyao village where Assiminea lutea, Macrophthalmus erato, Paracleistostoma depressum, Cleistostoma dilatatum, Littoraria melanostoma, Ceratonereis burmensis, Uca arcuata, and Pseudoringicula sinensis were found to be dominant species of the macrofauna. Along this transect, three faunal zones of the mangrove swamp could be divided from the high to low tide part: The Assiminea lutea Uca arcuata Paracleistostoma crassipilum zone, the Cleistostoma dilatatum Macrophthalmus erato Littoraria melanostoma zone, and the Paracleistostoma depressum Cerithidae cingulata zone. Molluscs and crustacean exhibited highest individual density in this transect. Molluscs also mainly influenced the dynamics of community biomass, as well as the species diversity index. In the second transect near Hongzhai village, the dominant species of the macrofauna species included Assiminea lutea, Upogebia sp., Paracleistostoma depressum, Cleistostoma dilatatum, a species beloning to the family Ellobiidae, Littoraria melanostoma, Pseudoringicula sinensis, Parapenaeopsis hardwickii, Uca arcuata, and Ceratonereis burmensis. Four faunal zones could be determined in this section: The Littoraria melanostoma Pseudoringicula sinensis Ceratonereis burmensis zone, the Assiminea lutea Cleistostoma dilatatum zone with a dominant species belonging to the Ellobiidae, the Upogebia sp. Paracleistostoma depressum zone, and the Metaplax sheni Cerithidae cingulata zone. The crustacean showed highest individual density in this transect. Similar to the Deyao transect, dynamics of community biomass and the species diversity index of the Hongzhai transect were mainly influenced by molluscs. By hierarchical clustering and non-metric multi-dimensional scaling, the macrofauna communities could be divided into 3 and 4 groups in the Deyao and Hongzhai transect, respectively. These groups corresponded to the different vegetation types of the mangrove swamp. Taken together, our observations indicate that the spatial zonation of the macrofauna was mainly affected by characteristics of the mangrove community, sediment characteristics and the tidal line.