Early effects of phenolic compounds, extracted from two forest litters, on ammonium uptake and assimilation in Pinus laricio and Pinus pinaster seedlings |
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Authors: | Adele Muscolo Maria Sidari Maria Rosaria Panuccio Carmelinda De Santis Angela Finocchiaro |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Agrochemistry and Agrobiology, University ‘Mediterranea’ of Reggio Calabria Piazza, San Francesco di Sales, 4, 89061 Gallina, RC, Italy;(2) Department of Botany, University of Catania, via A. Longo, 19, 95125 Catania, CT, Italy |
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Abstract: | The early effects of low molecular weight phenolic compounds, released by Pinus laricio and Pinus pinaster litter, on ammonium uptake and its assimilation in two Pinus species were studied. In Pinus laricio seedlings, the exposure to phenols extracted from Pinus laricio litter increased not only the ammonium uptake but also the activity of the main enzymes involved in its assimilation, whereas
the phenols extracted from Pinus pinaster litter had a negative effect on these metabolic processes. In Pinus pinaster seedlings, the exposure to both phenols decreased the ammonium uptake and the activity of the main enzymes involved in its
assimilation. Histological analysis carried out in Pinus laricio roots showed that phenols extracted from Pinus laricio litter induced the greatest growth of cortex, element through which occurs the ions uptake in plants, whereas phenol extracted
from Pinus pinaster litter inhibited cortex development. On the other hand, in Pinus pinaster seedlings the observation showed that both phenols inhibited cortex growth indicating a strict correlation between cortex
development and ammonium uptake and its assimilation. |
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Keywords: | Ammonium assimilation ammonium uptake phenols Pinus root anatomy |
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