Fumaric acid production by fermentation |
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Authors: | Carol A Roa Engel Adrie J J Straathof Tiemen W Zijlmans Walter M van Gulik Luuk A M van der Wielen |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | The potential of fumaric acid as a raw material in the polymer industry and the increment of cost of petroleum-based fumaric
acid raises interest in fermentation processes for production of this compound from renewable resources. Although the chemical
process yields 112% w/w fumaric acid from maleic anhydride and the fermentation process yields only 85% w/w from glucose, the latter raw material is three times cheaper. Besides, the fermentation fixes CO2. Production of fumaric acid by Rhizopus species and the involved metabolic pathways are reviewed. Submerged fermentation systems coupled with product recovery techniques
seem to have achieved economically attractive yields and productivities. Future prospects for improvement of fumaric acid
production include metabolic engineering approaches to achieve low pH fermentations. |
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Keywords: | Fumaric acid Fermentation Rhizopus species Maleate isomerase Product recovery |
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