Wing-Click Sounds of Heliconius cydno alithea (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) Butterflies |
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Authors: | Mirian Medina Hay-Roe Richard W. Mankin |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611;(2) USDA–ARS Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, P. O. Box 14565, Gainesville, Florida, 32604 |
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Abstract: | Field-collected Heliconius cydno Doubleday females were observed producing audible wing clicks during encounters between conspecifics in greenhouses in a large insectary during the day and at roosting time. Occasionally, these females also were observed producing sounds in aggressive encounters with females of a close relative, H. erato (L). However, the wing-clicks were not observed subsequently from first-generation adults born in the greenhouses. The sounds were produced in short trains of 3–10 wing-clicks at the rate of 10 clicks/s. The individual clicks had a mean duration of 1.48 ms and a broad frequency spectrum, with a peak near 1075 Hz. This peak lies near the 1200-Hz frequency of maximal sensitivity measured previously for auditory neurons of H. erato. The production of these previously unreported sounds suggests that wing clicks may play a role in both intra- and interspecific communication among Heliconius species. |
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Keywords: | communication sound Heliconius cydno |
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