The composition of the cutin of the caryopses and leaves ofTriticum aestivum L.

The outer layers (bran) of white wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Jubilar) caryopses contain several layers of lipophilic materials. It was the objective of the present work to establish the nature, composition and amounts of the lipid polymers of wheat bran and to compare it with leaf cutin. Prior to analysis, the bran was isolated and divided into two fractions: (i) the inner bran containing the remnants of the nucellus, the seed coat and the inner layers of the pericarp, and (ii) the outer bran consisting of the peripheral layers of the pericarp. Following depolymerization, a total number of 14 long-chain monobasic, dibasic, ω-hydroxymonobasic, α-hydroxymonobasic, dihydroxymonobasic, trihydroxymonobasic and epoxyhydroxymonobasic alkanoic acids have been identified as constituents of bran lipid polymeres. The most abundant single constituent was 9,10-epoxy-18-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of depolymerisates from the inner and outer bran fractions were similar except for the absence of 9,10,18-trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid and of long-chain (C₂₂−C₂₆ ω-hydroxyalkanoic acids in the outer bran. The composition of bran depolymerisates closely resembled the constitution of the BF₃/CH₃OH susceptible fraction of wheat leaf cutin. Only less than 2% of the total amount of monomers released from inner bran were indicative for the presence of suberin. The total cutin content of wheat bran amounted to 4.2 g per kg of dry caryopses. Most of it (96.6%) was contributed by the cuticles of the seed coat and the nucellus while the cuticle of the pericarp made up only 3.4%.