Pattern of respiration by intact inflorescences of the thermogenic arum lily Philodendron selloum

Inflorescences of the neotropical arum lily, Philodendron selloum, are strongly thermogenic for 2 d during anthesis. Continuous measurements of spadix temperature (Ts) and rate of oxygen consumption (VO2) were made outdoors in whole inflorescences attached to the plants. Some inflorescences were exposed to uncontrolled ambient temperature (Ta) while others were enclosed in clear water-jackets that produced nearly constant ambient conditions. A repeatable, diphasic pattern of heat production appeared, most clearly in water-jacketed inflorescences, and it comprised a short peak phase at sunset followed by a plateau phase that lasted until the following sunset. Regulation of Ta occurred in both phases, but at different levels. Peak phase Ta was regulated in the region of 38-42C, but plateau phase Ta was usually in the range of 25-36C. Both VO2 and total heat produced throughout anthesis increased at lower Ta. The data imply that the short peak phase is related to the enhancement of odour production that attracts a single species of large scarabaeid beetle in its native Brazil, and regulation of maximum Ta may prevent overheating. Thermoregulation in the long plateau phase produces equable temperatures inside the inflorescence that may facilitate the resident beetles' activities as a direct energetic reward.