Isolation of intracisternal type A-particles and associated high-molecular-weight RNA after cell disruption by nitrogen cavitation.

The liberation of intracisternal A-type particles from the endoplasmic reticulum of mouse plasmacytoma cells (line MPC-11) without the use of detergents, has been achieved by the technique of nitrogen cavitation. By this method cell rupture is due to a sudden decompression of a cell suspension after being equilibrated with nitrogen at high pressure, and this results in a relatively efficient release of A-type particles from the cisternae as judged by electron microscopy and the amount of A-particle-associated RNA that may be isolated. Comparative studies showed that at least 50% of the particles are released from the endoplasmic reticulum during nitrogen cavitation. Since the release is achieved purely by mechanical means, the A-particle preparation obtained may be useful for assaying these particles for biological activity. A further release of particles from the endoplasmic reticulum may be achieved by a combination of detergent treatment and mechanical shearing. About 30% of the particle-associated RNA was polyadenylated. As determined by velocity centrifugation, the polyadenylated RNA in the preparation of A-particles released during nitrogen cavitation and that of the detergent-released A-particles were similar with respect to the high-molecular-weight RNA species present. A dominant 35 S RNA species with a 30 S shoulder was observed in addition to a 24 S component in both preparations, but no significant amount of 60–70 S RNA.