美国国立卫生研究院概况

美国国立卫生研究院(the National Institutes of Health，NIH)是美国主要的医学与行为学(medical and behavioral research)研究机构，拥有27个研究所及研究中心和1个院长办公室(office of the director，OD)，任务是探索生命本质和行为学方面的基础知识，并充分运用这些知识延长人类寿命，以及预防、诊断和治疗各种疾病和残障。NIH不仅拥有自己的实验室从事医学研究，还通过各种资助方式和研究基金全力支持各大学、医学院校、医院等的非政府科学家及其他国内外研究机构的研究工作，并协助进行研究人员培训，促进医学信息交流。世界一流的科学家在NIH的支持下，自由探索科学问题，取得了辉煌的成就，极大地改善了人类的健康和生存状况。本文旨在介绍NIH的概况、基金管理模式、经费预算等，希望对我国的医学研究事业有所借鉴。

NIH- the National Institutes of Health

Begun as a one-room laboratory of hygiene in 1887, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) today is one of theworld's foremost medical research centers and the steward of medical and behavioral research for the nation, comprised of 27institutes or centers and one office of the director. Its mission is science in pursuit of fundamental knowledge about the natureand behavior of living systems and the application of that knowledge to extend healthy life and reduce the burdens of illness anddisability. NIH works toward that mission by: conducting research in its own laboratories; supporting the research of non-federalscientists in universities, medical schools, hospitals, and research institutions throughout the country and abroad; helping in thetraining of research investigators; fostering communication of medical information. First-rate scientists collaborate with oneanother regardless of institute affiliation or scientific discipline, and have the intellectual freedom to pursue their research ledunder NIH support. Biomedical research and development is a continuing process. This premier medical research institution ispoised to foster even more significant contributions to human health in the 21century. NIH's investment in health researchpromises to yield the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Here is an introduction of the history, grants, budgets, etc.of the NIH.