微生物肥料新型功能作用机理与根际定殖增强策略

微生物肥料是支撑农业绿色发展的重要投入品，根际益生菌是微生物肥料菌种的主要来源。我国农业发展对促进作物根系发育、增强作物耐盐胁迫能力等新型功能的微生物肥料提出了需求，然而目前对根际益生菌促进作物根系发育和增强耐盐胁迫的分子机理研究仍然薄弱，成为制约优异菌种选育的瓶颈。另一方面，微生物肥料的根际定殖能力低也是导致其田间应用效果差的重要因素。本文综述了根际益生菌调控根系发育、增强植物耐盐的活性物质和作用机理，分析其根际定殖的过程和菌植互作机制，提出了增强根际定殖的策略，以期为微生物肥料研究提供参考。

Mechanisms of the Microbial Fertilizer′s Novel Functions and the Strategies to Enhance Its Root Colonization

Microbial fertilizer is the important input for sustaining the green development of agriculture, beneficial rhizobacteria are the main source of the functional strains of microbial fertilizer. Modern agricultural development needs novel functions of the microbial fertilizer, such as to promote the root growth and to enhance the plant′s tolerant of salt stress, but our understanding of the mechanisms for these functions are still limited, which limited the screening and breeding of the excellent strains for microbial fertilizer. On the other hand, the poor root colonization capability of the microbial fertilizer resulted its field application efficiency. This review summarized the active substances from the beneficial rhizobacteria and their regulation mechanisms to promote plant′s root development and salt stress tolerance, analyzed the process and rhizobacteria-plant interaction mechanism during the root colonization of microbial fertilizer, proposed the strategies to enhance their root colonization. This review provides instructions for the research of microbial fertilizer.