猕猴桃采后真菌病害生物防治研究进展

猕猴桃果实易受多种病原真菌的侵染，采后易发生软腐病、灰霉病、青霉病等严重危害果实品质的真菌性病害。传统的有效防治方法主要为采前使用化学杀菌剂，但其易污染环境并可能危害人类健康。目前，已有一系列生物防治方法被研究并报道，这些方法可有效防控猕猴桃采后真菌病害：第一类为天然抑菌物质，包括植物提取物和其他天然物质；第二类为拮抗微生物，包括生防酵母、生防细菌、生防木霉，生防菌也能与物理及化学方法协同发挥作用。本文概述了各类生物防治方法在猕猴桃采后真菌病害绿色防控方面的研究进展及生防机理，并提出了目前存在的问题，最后展望了这一领域今后的研究方向。

Advances in Biocontrol of Kiwifruit Postharvest Phytopathogens

Kiwifruit is susceptible to various fungal pathogens, resulting in soft rot, gray mold, blue mold which seriously impact the quality of kiwifruit. Effective traditional control methods are mainly chemical fungicides before harvest, which may easily pollute the environment and endanger human health. Currently, a series of biological control methods had been researched and reported to be effective in controlling postharvest diseases of kiwifruit. One kind is natural antifungal substances, including plant extracts and other natural substances; another kind is microbial antagonists, including biocontrol yeast, biocontrol bacteria, biocontrol Trichoderma, and biocontrol agents can also be operated with physical and chemical methods. This review summarized the advances in biological control mechanism of various biological control methods in the green control of kiwifruit postharvest fungal diseases, stated the existing problems, finally prospected future research outlook in this field.