玉米几个数量性状在不同发育阶段的基因效应分析

玉米株高、粒重和单株叶数在不同发育阶段的基因效应分析表明,终结性状的基因效应值为不同发育阶段性状净增量基因效应值的代数和,这使不同发育阶段净增量的正负基因效应相互抵消,故使终结性状的基因效应不能充分反映控制该性状的基因(组)在发育过程中的真实作用方式。不同发育阶段基因效应的符号、显著性关系及遗传模型的明显差异被认为是不同发育阶段由不同基因(组)作用的结果。净增量的基因效应估计值表明,显性效应在株高和粒重中比加性效应更重要,而单株叶数则相反;上位性效应普遍存在,其中株高>单株叶数>粒重。

Analyses of Gene Effects for Three Quantitative Characters at Different Development Stages in Maize

The experimental materials involved 3 crosses from 6 inbred lines of maize.Generation means analyses were used to study gene effects for plant height,10-kernel weight and leaf number per plant at different stages of plant development.All of gene effects for the final characters were found to be algebraic sum of the respective parameters for net growths at different development stages.They couldn't fully reflect the real actions of genes during the development of the characters due to the offset of the positive and negative gene effects for net growths.Algebraic symbol and significance of the same gene effect,and genetic model for each character showed distinct changes with its developmental stage,which were considered as the result of actions of different gene loci at each stage.Estimates of gene effects for the net growths indicated that dominant effect was more important than the additive in plant height and 10-kernel weight,but it was opposite in leaf number per plant.Epistatic effects were present in the inheritance of all characters under study.They were maximun in plant height,intermediate in leaf number per plant,and minimun in 10-kernel weight.