30年来秦岭大熊猫栖息地变化研究

根据1976、1987和2001年3次大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)调查资料及2006～2007年大熊猫监测数据,利用ArcView GIS软件系统地比较了1976～2007年之间秦岭大熊猫栖息地的变化。秦岭大熊猫栖息地由20世纪70年代的217 100 hm2退缩到90年代前的167 000 hm2,大熊猫栖息地缩减和片断化较为严重;90年代后有所好转,面积增加到347 499 hm2,并在格局上整体存在向北向西扩散的趋势。秦岭大熊猫栖息地变化的原因主要与森林采伐及1998年实施的天然林禁伐有关,而栖息地斑块化主要与公路建设、人为活动等有关。

Habitat Changing of the Giant Panda in Qinling Mountain Over 30 Years from 1976 to 2007

The habitat change of Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) from 1976 to was analyzed by comparing the three data set of wild surveys conducted in time period of 1976, 1987, and 2001 and monitoring data collected from 2006 to 2007 in the Qinling Mountains by using the ArcView GIS System. The results show that the size of habitat was 217 100 hm² estimated in the first wild survey (1976), then reduce to 167 000 hm² in the second survey (1986) due to the deforestation in the Qinling Mountains. The trend of habitat loss was improved thereafter. Meanwhile, distribution region of the panda has showed an expanding tendency to the north and the west in the study area after the banning of deforestation which came into effect in 1998. However, the habitat fragmentation of the giant panda in the study was not improved greatly because of the highway construction, and human activity impact.