Genetically effective population sizes of Antarctic seals estimated from nuclear genes |
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| Authors: | Caitlin Curtis Brent S Stewart Stephen A Karl |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Biology, SCA 110, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA;(2) Present address: Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, 100 Eighth Avenue S.E., St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA;(3) Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute, 2595 Ingraham Street, San Diego, CA 92109, USA;(4) Hawai`i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai`i at Mānoa, P.O. Box 1346, Kane`ohe, HI 96744, USA; |
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| Abstract: | We analyzed eight nuclear microsatellite loci in three species of Antarctic seals; Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii; mean N = 163), crabeater seal (Lobodon carcinophaga; 138) and Ross seal (Ommatophoca rossii; 35). We estimated genetic diversity (Θ) and effective population size (N
E) for each species. Autosomal microsatellite based N
E estimates were 151,200 for Weddell seals, 880,200 for crabeater seals, and 254,500 for Ross seals. We screened one X-linked
microsatellite (Lw18), which yielded similar N
E estimates to the autosomal loci for all species except the Ross seals, where it was considerably larger (~103 times). Microsatellite
N
E estimates were comparable with previously published N
E estimates from mitochondrial DNA, but both are substantially lower than direct estimates of population size in all species
except the Ross seals. The ratio of maternally versus biparentally derived estimates of N
E for Ross seals was not consistent with the hypothesis that they are a polygynous species. We found no sign of a recent, sustained
genetic bottleneck in any of the species. |
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