<Emphasis Type="Italic">Bruguiera hainesii</Emphasis>, a critically endangered mangrove species,is a hybrid between <Emphasis Type="Italic">B. cylindrica</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">B. gymnorhiza</Emphasis> (Rhizophoraceae) |
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Authors: | Junya Ono Jean W H Yong Koji Takayama Mohd Nazre Bin Saleh Alison K S Wee Takeshi Asakawa Orlex Baylen Yllano III" target="_blank">Severino G SalmoIII Monica Suleiman Nguyen Xuan Tung Khin Khin Soe Sankararamasubramanian Halasya Meenakshisundaram Yasuyuki Watano Edward L Webb Tadashi Kajita |
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Affiliation: | 1.Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science,Chiba University,Chiba,Japan;2.Life Sciences,Singapore University of Technology and Design,Singapore,Singapore;3.Museum of Natural and Environmental History,Shizuoka-shi,Japan;4.Faculty of Forestry,Putra Malaysia University,Seri Kembangan,Malaysia;5.College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning, Guangxi,China;6.Biology Department, College of Science and Technology,Adventist University of the Philippines,Silang,Philippines;7.Department of Environmental Science, School of Science and Engineering,Ateneo de Manila University,Quezon City,Philippines;8.Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation,Universiti Malaysia Sabah,Kota Kinabalu,Malaysia;9.Mangrove Ecosystem Research Centre,Hanoi National University of Education,Hanoi,Vietnam;10.Department of Botany,University of Yangon, Union of Myanmar,Yangon,Myanmar;11.Biotechnology Programme,M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation,Chennai,India;12.Department of Biological Science,National University of Singapore,Singapore,Singapore;13.Iriomote Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center,University of the Ryukyus,Yaeyama-gun,Japan |
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Abstract: | Bruguiera hainesii (Rhizophoraceae) is one of the two Critically Endangered mangrove species listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Although the species is vulnerable to extinction, its genetic diversity and the evolutionary relationships with other Bruguiera species are not well understood. Also, intermediate morphological characters imply that the species might be of hybrid origin. To clarify the genetic relationship between B. hainesii and other Bruguiera species, we conducted molecular analyses including all six Bruguiera species using DNA sequences of two nuclear genes (CesA and UNK) and three chloroplast regions (intergenic spacer regions of trnL-trnF, trnS-trnG and atpB-rbcL). For nuclear DNA markers, all nine B. hainesii samples from five populations were heterozygous at both loci, with one allele was shared with B. cylindrica, and the other with B. gymnorhiza. For chloroplast DNA markers, the two haplotypes found in B. hainesii were shared only by B. cylindrica. These results suggested that B. hainesii is a hybrid between B. cylindrica as the maternal parent and B. gymnorhiza as the paternal one. Furthermore, chloroplast DNA haplotypes found in B. hainesii suggest that hybridization has occurred independently in regions where the distribution ranges of the parental species meet. As the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species currently excludes hybrids (except for apomictic plant hybrids), the conservation status of B. hainesii should be reconsidered. |
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