Single radial immunodiffusion as a method for the identification and quantitation of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids in adsorbed vaccines |
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| Authors: | M E Melville-Smith |
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| Institution: | 2. National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London NW3 6RB, England;1. Laboratory of Cultural Relics Conservation Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;2. Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;3. Chinese Academy of Cultural Heritage, Beijing, China;4. Monitoring and Management Center of Hangzhou West Lake World Cultural Heritage, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;1. ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA, Australia;2. Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;1. Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea;2. Biomedical Omics Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | The immunochemical techniques of double diffusion and single radial diffusion in agarose gels were compared and each considered as possible alternative methods to the methods stipulated by the European Pharmacopoeia for the identification of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids in adsorbed vaccines. Both methods identified the toxoids but single radial diffusion was found to be preferable as the precipitin bands formed were visible without staining. Single radial diffusion was further investigated for its suitability as a quantitative method and was found to give reproducible estimates of the amount of toxoid present in all vaccines tested. However, in the case of tetanus toxoids these estimates were lower than the amounts stated to have been incorporated in the vaccines by the manufacturers. It was concluded that single radial diffusion would be a suitable replacement in the European Pharmacopoeia as a method for the identification of the diphtheria and tetanus components of adsorbed vaccines provided that elution could also be achieved from vaccines containing calcium phosphate. |
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