线粒体衍生肽的病理生理功能

线粒体衍生肽(mitochondrial derived peptide,MDP)是线粒体DNA中短开放阅读框编码的多肽。目前已知Humanin、SHLPs、MOTS-c三种线粒体衍生肽,广泛分布于生物各器官组织中。作为线粒体将信号回输至细胞核的一类逆行信号分子,这三种肽存在相似的生物学功能。除内分泌作用之外,还可通过提高机体摄取糖能力从而有效改善肥胖、糖尿病等代谢类疾病,并经抗凋亡、抗氧化等途径延缓阿尔茨海默症、骨质疏松等衰老相关疾病的发生发展。本文通过总结三种线粒体衍生肽的生物学功能,探析其介导的相关病理生理机制,以期为代谢及衰老相关疾病的治疗提供新的潜在靶点。

The pathophysiological functions of mitochondrial derived peptide

Mitochondrial derived peptide(MDP)is a polypeptide encoded by short open reading frames in mitochondrial DNA.At present,three MDP including Humanin,SHLPs and MOTS-c,are known to be widely distributed in various organs and tissues of organisms.As a kind of retrograde signal molecule,these three peptides have similar biological functions.In addition to their endocrine function,they can also effectively improve metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes by improving the ability to absorb the glucose,and delay the occurrence and development of aging-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and osteoporosis through anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidation.This review summarized the biological functions of three MDP and explored the related pathophysiological mechanisms,aiming to provide new potential targets for the treatment of metabolic and aging-related diseases.