IL-35, a double-edged sword in cancer |
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| Authors: | Zahra Yazdani Alireza Rafiei Monireh Golpour Parisa Zafari Mohammadreza Moonesi Sasan Ghaffari |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;2. Students Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;3. Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran;4. Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Cell-Based Therapies Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Interleukin 35 (IL-35), a cytokine mainly produced by regulatory T cells (Treg cells), is composed of an Epstein-Barr virus–induced gene 3 β-chain and an IL-12 p35 α-chain. IL-35 causes tumorigenicity in cancer, protects cancer cells against apoptosis, and facilitates cancer progression. However, a few reports have referred to its contradictory roles in cancer prevention. Therefore, the exact purpose of this cytokine in cancer development has become a fundamental question that needs to be answered. In this review, we explain the structure of IL-35 and its receptors and their different signaling pathways. Finally, the function of IL-35 in some cancers and the possible application of this cytokine in approaches for cancer therapy have been discussed. |
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| Keywords: | cancer IL-12 family interleukin-35 regulatory B cells regulatory T cells |
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