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The neuroactive substances and associated muscle system in Rhipidocotyle campanula (Digenea,Bucephalidae) from the intestine of the pike Esox lucius
Authors:Natalia Kreshchenko  Nadezhda Terenina  Darya Nefedova  Natalia Mochalova  Ekaterina Voropaeva  Sergey Movsesyan
Affiliation:1. Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia;2. Center of Parasitology, А.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Contribution: Data curation, Supervision, Validation, Writing - original draft;3. Center of Parasitology, А.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Contribution: ​Investigation, Methodology;4. Center of Parasitology, А.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Tobolsk complex scientific station, Ural Department of Russian Academy of Sciences (Ural Department of RAS), Tobolsk, Russia

Contribution: Methodology, Resources;5. Center of Parasitology, А.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Contribution: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing - original draft

Abstract:We report about the muscular system and the serotonergic and FMRFamidergic components of the nervous system of the Bucephalidae trematode, Rhipidocotyle campanula, an intestinal parasite of the pike. We use immunocytochemical methods and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CLSM). The musculature is identified by histochemical staining with fluorescently labeled phalloidin. The body wall musculature of R. campanula contains three layers of muscle fibres – the outer thin circular, intermediate longitudinal and inner diagonal muscle fibres running in two opposite directions. The digestive system of R. campanula possess of a well-developed musculature: radial, longitudinal and circular muscle elements are detected in the pharynx, circular and longitudinal muscle filaments seen in the oesophagus, and longitudinal and the circular muscle fibres were found in the intestinal wall. Specific staining indicating the presence of actin muscle filaments occurs in the cirrus sac localized in the posterior body region. The frontal region of anterior attachment organ, the rhynchus, in R. campanula is represented by radial muscle fibres. The posterior part of the rhynchus comprise of radial muscles forming the organ's wall, and several strong longitudinal muscle bundles. Serotonergic and FMRFamidergic structures are detected in the central and peripheral compartments of the nervous system of R. campanula, that is, in the paired brain ganglia, the brain commissure, the longitudinal nerve cords, and connective nerve commissures. The innervations of the rhynchus, pharynx, oesophagus and distal regions of the reproductive system by the serotonergic and FMRFamidergic nervous elements are revealed. We compare our findings obtained on R. campanula with related data for other trematodes.
Keywords:flatworms  FMRF-like neuropeptides  musculature  nervous system  serotonin
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