Bacterial structure and characterization of plant growth promoting and oil degrading bacteria from the rhizospheres of mangrove plants |
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Authors: | Flávia Lima do Carmo Henrique Fragoso dos Santos Edir Ferreira Martins Jan Dirk van Elsas Alexandre Soares Rosado Raquel Silva Peixoto |
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Institution: | (1) Universidade Regional do Cariri—Rua Cel, Antonio Luis 1161, Campus do Pimente, Crato, CE, Brazil;(2) Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Luis Freire 1000, Recife, PE, Brazil |
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Abstract: | Most oil from oceanic spills converges on coastal ecosystems, such as mangrove forests, which are threatened with worldwide
disappearance. Particular bacteria that inhabit the rhizosphere of local plant species can stimulate plant development through
various mechanisms; it would be advantageous if these would also be capable of degrading oil. Such bacteria may be important
in the preservation or recuperation of mangrove forests impacted by oil spills. This study aimed to compare the bacterial
structure, isolate and evaluate bacteria able to degrade oil and stimulate plant growth, from the rhizospheres of three mangrove
plant species. These features are particularly important taking into account recent policies for mangrove bioreme-diation,
implying that oil degradation as well as plant maintenance and health are key targets. Fifty-seven morphotypes were isolated
from the mangrove rhizospheres on Bushneil-Haas (BH) medium supplemented with oil as the sole carbon source and tested for
plant growth promotion. Of this strains, 60% potentially fixed nitrogen, 16% showed antimicrobial activity, 84% produced siderophores,
51% had the capacity to solubilize phosphate, and 33% produced the indole acetic acid hormone. Using gas chromatography, we
evaluated the oil-degrading potential of ten selected strains that had different morphologies and showed Plant Growth Promoting
Rhizobacteria (PGPR) features. The ten tested strains showed a promising degradation profile for at least one compound present
in the oil. Among degrader strains, 46% had promising PGPR potential, having at least three of the above capacities. These
strains might be used as a consortium, allowing the concomitant degradation of oil and stimulation of mangrove plant survival
and maintenance. |
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