孢子大小和培养基对水蕨孢子萌发及配子体性别分化的影响

利用MS培养基、改良Knop’s培养基、自来水和蒸馏水分别培养水蕨中等大小孢子,同时利用改良Knop’s培养基培养不同大小的水蕨孢子,观察记录不同条件下水蕨孢子萌发和性别分化情况。实验表明,二级孢子（赤道轴120～140μm）萌发率最高;一级孢子（赤道轴〉140μm）萌发最有利于使水蕨发育为两性配子体,三级孢子（赤道轴〈120μm）萌发最有利于使水蕨发育为雄配子体;MS培养基和改良Knop’s培养基相对于自来水和蒸馏水有利于水蕨孢子萌发;各培养基中水蕨两性配子体比率排序是MS培养基〉改良Knop’s培养基〉自来水〉蒸馏水,而雄配子体比率排序与之相反。此结果为水蕨的引种保护、人工繁育和分子生物学研究提供理论依据。

Effect of Culture Medium and Spore Dimension on Spore Germination and Sex Differentiation of Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn.

To determine the influence of different culture mediums and spore dimensions on the sex differentiation of Ceratopteris thalictroides,we used MS solid medium,modified knop＇s solid medium,tap water,and sterile distilled water to culture median sized spores and modified knop＇s solid medium to culture three different sized spores.The germination and sex differentiation were observed and recorded.Results showed that second rank spores（equatorial axis 120-140 μm） had the highest germination rate.First rank spores（equatorial axis140 μm） were inclined to form hermaphroditic gametophytes and the third rank spores（equatorial axis120 μm） were inclined to form the male gametophytes.Spore germination was better in MS solid medium and modified knop＇s solid medium than in tap water and sterile distilled water.The proportion of hermaphroditic gametophytes in different mediums,from the highest to the lowest,was MS solid medium,modified knop＇s solid medium,tap water,and sterile distilled water,while the proportion of male gametophytes showed the opposite pattern.This experiment provides theory data on the introduction,preservation,artificial breeding,and molecular biology of Ceratopteris thalictroides.