Potential of DNA markers in detecting divergence and in analysing heterosis in Indian elite chickpea cultivars |
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Authors: | V J Sant A G Patankar N D Sarode L B Mhase M N Sainani R B Deshmukh P K Ranjekar V S Gupta |
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Institution: | (1) Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India Fax: +91 212 338234/330233 e-mail: pkr@ems.ncl.res.in vidya@ems.ncl.res.in, IN;(2) Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri 413722, Maharashtra, India, IN |
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Abstract: | Molecular markers such as RAPDs and microsatellites were used to study genetic diversity in 29 elite Indian chickpea genotypes.
In general, microsatellites were more efficient than the RAPD markers in detecting polymorphism in these genotypes. Among
the various microsatellites, (AAC)5, (ACT)5, (AAG)5 and (GATA)4 were able to differentiate all 29 chickpea cultivars. The mean value of probability of identical match by chance was 2.32×10-25 using DraI-(ACT)5, TaqI-(AAC)5, TaqI-(AAG)5 and TaqI-(GATA)4 enzyme-probe combinations. The dendrogram, constructed on the basis of similarity index values, grouped the chickpea genotypes
into five main clusters with 8 cultivars genetically distant and outgrouped from the main clusters. To investigate if DNA
markers are useful in predicting F1 performance and heterosis in chickpea, we crossed 8 genotypes having important agronomic characters in a diallel set. The
F1s and their parents in the diallel set were analysed for agronomic traits for better parent and midparent heterosis. Heterosis
was found to be much higher for yield than for yield components that fit a multiplicative model. The analysis of genetic divergence
using D2 statistics clustered the 8 cultivars into two groups. Although molecular marker-based genetic distance did not linearly correlate
to heterosis, two heterotic groups could be identified on the basis of the general marker heterozygosity.
Received: 1 August 1998 / Accepted: 29 September 1998 |
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Keywords: | Cicer arietinum General heterozygosity Genetic distance Heterosis Molecular markers |
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