Growth and Osmotic Adjustment of Cultured Suspension Cells from Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb After an Abrupt Increase in Salinity |
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Authors: | BALAGTAS-BUROW, GLORIA E. MORONEY, JAMES V. LONGSTRETH, DAVID J. |
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Abstract: | We have developed a cell suspension culture from alligator weed(Alternanthera philoxeroides [Mart.] Griseb), a C3 member ofthe Amaranthaceae. Intact plants of alligator weed can growat 400 mol m3 NaCl. Growth of alligator weed suspensionswas compared to growth of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv.Wisconsin 38) suspensions after subculture to 200 mol m3NaCl. Fresh weight and cell density of salt-treated alligatorweed suspensions more than doubled by 7 d after subculture,but the fresh weight of salt-treated tobacco suspensions didnot double during the 21 d experiment. Correspondingly, cellviability dropped from about 90% to 77% in alligator weed andto 41% in tobacco, at 1 d after subculture to 200 mol m3NaCl. The symplastic volume of alligator weed cells declined36% by 2 h after subculture to 200 mol m3 NaCl, but cellcontents became iso-osmotic with the media at this point. Between2 h and 6 h there was a further decrease in osmotic potential,an increase in turgor potential and a partial recovery of symplasticvolume. Turgor potential was similar to that in control cellsby 24 h, indicating significant osmotic adjustment. Turgor potentialsremained similar in both treatments from 24 h through 21 d butthe average symplastic volume of salt-treated cells was 11 %less than in control cells. Therefore, alligator weed suspensioncells exhibit a rapid recovery of water balance and cell growthafter an abrupt and substantial increase in salinity. Key words: Cell culture, growth, osmotic adjustment, salinity, turgor potential |
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