Spawning behavior and interspecific breeding in three japanese greenlings (hexagrammidae) |
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Authors: | Hiroyuki Munehara Ziyusei Kanamoto Teisuke Miura |
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Institution: | (1) Usujiri Fisheries Laboratory, Hokkaido University, Minami-kayabe, 041-1613 Hokkaido, Japan;(2) Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Nakajima-cho, 791-4502 Ehime, Japan;(3) Department of Marine Production System Science, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611 Hokkaido, Japan |
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Abstract: | The spawing behavior ofHexagrammos otakii. H. octogrammus andH. agrammus was observed in two different regions of northern Japan using underwater video cameras placed near nests guarded by males.
The spawning behavior of the three species consisted of similar patterns, although body size and nuptial coloration and nest
location of territorial maleH. otakii differed from those of the other twoHexagrammos species. The courtship display of territorial males in each species involved rushing, butting and undulation of the trunk.
When a female entered the nest, the male leaned his head on the future spawning bed in the nest and spasmodically undulated
his trunk. The female that responded to the courtship laid her eggs within the seaweed bed. The territorial male then passed
over the eggs, touching his genital pore to the egg mass, and released sperm. Sneaking by other males was frequently observed
following the sperm emission. In both regions, females ofH. octogrammus andH. agrammus commonly responded to courtship of maleH. otakii and mated with them, but not vice versa. Possble reasons for the natural occurrence of such unidirectional hybridization
are discussed. |
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Keywords: | Hexagrammidae crossbreeding sneaking |
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