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The mechanism of human tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 in the cleavage of AP site and its synthetic analogs
Authors:Natalia A Lebedeva  Nadejda I Rechkunova  Alexander A Ishchenko  Murat Saparbaev  Olga I Lavrik
Institution:1. Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Lavrentiev Avenue 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;2. Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;3. Université Paris-Sud, Laboratoire «Stabilité Génétique et Oncogenèse», CNRS, UMR 8200, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave-Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif Cedex, France
Abstract:The mechanism of hydrolysis of the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site and its synthetic analogs by using tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) was analyzed. Tdp1 catalyzes the cleavage of AP site and the synthetic analog of the AP site, 3-hydroxy-2(hydroxymethyl)-tetrahydrofuran (THF), in DNA by hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond between the substituent and 5′ adjacent phosphate. The product of Tdp1 cleavage in the case of the AP site is unstable and is hydrolyzed with the formation of 3′- and 5′-margin phosphates. The following repair demands the ordered action of polynucleotide kinase phosphorylase, with XRCC1, DNA polymerase β, and DNA ligase. In the case of THF, Tdp1 generates break with the 5′-THF and the 3′-phosphate termini. Tdp1 is also able to effectively cleave non-nucleotide insertions in DNA, decanediol and diethyleneglycol moieties by the same mechanism as in the case of THF cleavage. The efficiency of Tdp1 catalyzed hydrolysis of AP-site analog correlates with the DNA helix distortion induced by the substituent. The following repair of 5′-THF and other AP-site analogs can be processed by the long-patch base excision repair pathway.
Keywords:Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1  Apurinic/apyrimidinic site  Cleavage mechanism
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