Long-term storage of sexual and asexual Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) |
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Authors: | Somayeh Rahimi-Kaldeh Alireza Bandani |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iranhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-0299-2838;2. Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran |
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Abstract: | The effect of exposure duration to pre-storage (representing fall conditions) and storage (representing winter conditions) temperatures on the emergence rate in sexual and asexual Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) was studied under controlled laboratory conditions. Asexual T. brassicae was infected by Wolbachia, an endosymbiont bacterium. We considered 0, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days as exposure duration at 10°C and 0, 30, 60, 90 followed by 180 days as exposure duration at 4°C for both T. brassicae strains. Emergence rate was significantly affected by the presence of Wolbachia, the duration of exposure to 10°C, the duration of storage at 4°C and their interactions, but not by the interaction between strain × storage duration at 4°C. Emergence rate of adults was positively correlated with exposure duration at 10°C, but it gradually decreased as the cold storage duration (4°C) increased in both strains. In conclusion, we are able to store both asexual and sexual strains for longer periods of time at 4°C, but the emergence rate of sexual T. brassicae was greater than asexual in all the treatments. The presence of Wolbachia could have a negative effect on fitness of T. brassicae and reduces its emergence rate after long-term storage. |
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Keywords: | Diapause egg parasitoid long-term storage temperature Wolbachia |
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