广东南岭自然保护区堇菜属植物垂直分布格局的研究

在南岭自然保护区核心区选择海拔高度为500—600m、600—800m、800—1000m、1000—1200m、1200—1400m、1400—1600m、1600—1800m、1800—1902m共8个连续的海拔梯度，分别对植物群落中的堇菜属植物进行普查。结果表明，随着海拔升高，各海拔段有堇菜属植物5、8、9、10、9、7、3、1种，以中海拔段的物种多样性较高。两海拔段间距离越近，物种相似性系数越大；距离越远，相似性系数越小。在中海拔段，堇菜属植物种类的多度最大，两端较小。南岭自然保护区堇菜属植物的垂直分布格局呈“中间膨胀型”或“单峰型”，与普遍的木本植物一致，这种格局可能是与沿海拔水热梯度的变化相关。

Altitudinal Gradient Pattern of the Distribution of Viola Plants in Nanling Nature Reserve, Guangdong

Vertical distribution of Viola species in Nanling Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province, was investigated at eight different altitudinal gradients from 500 m to 1 902 m in an area of 100 km2 in the centre of the Reserve. It was revealed that the number of Viola species was in the order of 5, 8, 9, 10, 9, 7, 3 and 1 from low altitude to high with approximately 200 meters for each gradient. More species abundance appeared at elevation of 1 000-1 200 m. Among the altitudinal gradients, the nearer the height, the greater the similarity coefficient was. The vertical distribution pattern of Viola species in the Reserve is in accordance with that of common woody plants, which might be related with moisture and heat conditions.