碳酸酐酶在中肋骨条藻光合作用中的作用

探讨了在正常空气条件下生长的中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)的碳酸酐酶(CA)在其光合固碳中的作用.在中肋骨条藻的胞内和胞外均有CA活性,但胞外CA活性很低.CA抑制剂AZ(乙酰唑磺胺)对中肋骨条藻的光合放氧速率没有明显影响,而CA抑制剂EZ(乙氧苯唑胺)对其光合放氧速率有强烈的抑制作用.EZ的抑制作用使细胞最大光合速率、饱和光强和无机碳亲和力下降,无机碳的补偿点和光呼吸提高,使强光下光抑制作用增强.这些结果表明:中肋骨条藻的胞外CA在其光合作用中所起的作用较小,而其胞内CA通过催化胞内碳库中的HCO-3快速转化成CO2,提高胞内CO2的有效供给,从而提高细胞光合固碳能力和对逆境(高O2、强光和低CO2)的适应能力.

Roles of Carbonic Anhydrase in Photosynthesis of Skeletonema costatum

The role of carbonic anhydrase (CA) in photosynthesis of the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum grown at ambient level of CO_2 was investigated. Extracellular CA activity was very low. In comparison, intracellular CA activity was great part of total CA activity. The inhibition of external CA by acetazolamide (AZ) caused little change in net photosynthetic rate (P_n), but the inhibition of intracellular CA by ethoxyzolamide (EZ) resulted in the strong reduction of P_n. EZ reduced the light-saturated photosynthesis, the saturation radiance and the affinity of inorganic carbon for photosynthesis, raised inorganic carbon compensation point and enhanced theinhibition of photosynthesis by high O_2 and light. It is concluded that extracellular CA exerted a minor role in the photosynthesis, but intracellular CA enhanced the efficiency of photosynthetic carbon fixation and the capacity of acclimation to stress conditions (high light, O_2 and low CO_2) by catalytically converting HCO_3~- to CO_2 and facilitating CO_2 supply to the cell.