Sperm deliver a new second messenger: NAADP |
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Authors: | Churchill Grant C O'Neill John S Masgrau Roser Patel Sandip Thomas Justyn M Genazzani Armando A Galione Antony |
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Institution: | Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, OX1 3QT, Oxford, United Kingdom. grant.churchill@pharm.ox.ac.uk |
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Abstract: | NAADP is a highly potent mobilizer of Ca(2+), which in turn triggers Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release pathways in a wide range of species. Nevertheless, NAADP is not presently classified as a second messenger because it has not been shown to increase in response to a physiological stimulus. We now report a dramatic increase in NAADP during sea urchin egg fertilization that was largely due to production in sperm upon contacting egg jelly. The NAADP bolus plays a physiological role upon delivery to the egg based on its ability to induce a cortical flash, a depolarization-induced activation of L-type Ca(2+) channels. Moreover, the sperm-induced cortical flash was eliminated in eggs desensitized to NAADP. We conclude that an NAADP increase plays a physiologically relevant role during fertilization and provides the first conclusive demonstration that NAADP is a genuine second messenger. |
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