Effect of vitrification on the zona pellucida hardening and follistatin and cathepsin B genes expression and developmental competence of in vitro matured bovine oocytes |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, The Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland;2. Center of Gynaecology and Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine – Artemida, Olsztyn, Poland;3. Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, The Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland;4. Department of Statistics and Medical Informatics, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland;1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States;2. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States;3. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States;4. Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States;5. Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China;1. Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, PO BOX 12211, Giza, Egypt;2. Department of Surgery (Urology Division), Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Block E, Room S12363A, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada;3. Department of AI and ET, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre, Giza, Egypt;1. College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-4466, United States;2. Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38400-902, Brazil;1. Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil;2. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil;3. INRA, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France;1. Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran;2. Gerash Al-Zahra Fertility Center, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash, Iran;3. Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran;4. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran;5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of our study was to assess the effect of vitrification with or without the presence of calcium in the vitrification solution on the: 1) diameter of oocytes and thickness of the zona pellucida, 2) zona pellucida hardening, 3) expression of mRNA follistatin (FST) and cathepsin B (CTSB) in oocytes and 4) developmental competence of embryos derived from in vitro matured and vitrified oocytes.The results of our study demonstrate, that vitrification did not alter thickness of the zona pellucida and diameter of the oocytes, however it triggered hardening of the zona pellucida. The presence of calcium in the vitrification solutions intensified hardening of zona in immature and mature oocytes (P < 0.04, P < 0.001, respectively) and provoked increased mRNA FST expression in oocytes matured in vitro compared to immature oocytes (P < 0.01) and those vitrified without calcium (P < 0.004). CTSB mRNA expression was increased in immature oocytes and oocytes vitrified with calcium compare to mature oocytes (P < 0.02). The developmental potential of vitrified oocytes was impaired compared to non-vitrified oocytes, being more evident in oocytes vitrified with calcium.In summary, vitrification did not change the oocyte diameter and thickness of the zona pellucida and expression of FST and CTSB mRNA. It diminished developmental potential of the vitrified oocytes. The presence of calcium in the vitrification solutions increased hardening of zona pellucida as well as affected the level of FST and CTSB mRNA in oocytes and developmental potential of these oocytes. |
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| Keywords: | Vitrification Bovine oocytes Calcium Developmental competence Zona hardening |
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