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Influence of growth regulators on direct embryo formation from leaf explants of Phalaenopsis orchids
Authors:Wee-Peng Gow  Jen-Tsung Chen  Wei-Chin Chang
Institution:(1) Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC;(2) Institute of Biotechnology, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan, ROC
Abstract:Leaf explants of two Phalaenopsis, P. amabilis and P. Nebula, were used to test the effects of auxins (2,4-D, IAA, IBA, NAA), cytokinins (2iP, BA, kinetin, TDZ, zeatin), GA3, ancymidol, polyamines (putrescine, spermine, spermidine), ACC, AgNO3 and CoCl2 on the amount of direct embryo formation on different leaf locations (the cut end, the adaxial side, the abaxial side and the leaf tip). The results showed that there was a genotypic effect on direct embryo formation induced by cytokinins that 13.32 μM BA and 4.92 μM 2iP was the most effective in P. amabilis and P. Nebula, respectively. Besides, explant position highly affected embryogenic competence of leaf cells in both species that the cut end showed highest embryogenic response, the adaxial side was the second, and then the abaxial side and the leaf tip. Altogether, cytokinins tested were all effective in both species, and ACC at 20 μM had 35% of embryogenic response in P. amabilis. However, auxins, GA3, ancymidol and polyamines were inhibitory in both species.
Keywords:Auxin  Culture condition  Cytokinin  Embryogenic competence  Explant position  Genotype  Moth orchid
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