应用线粒体DNA D—loop区遗传多样性分析云南4个少数民族的遗传关系

对傣，佤，拉祜和藏族4个群体的99名个体mtDNA非编码区(D-loop)高变区I 16048－16569及I－41的563bp片优进行序列分析，计算了核酸多态度，并用Neighbro-Joining法构建系统进化树，在进化树中，99个mtDNA序列分别聚在4个群中，所有在COII／tRAN^Lys基因间序列存在9bp 缺失的个体均聚在C1如中，C2群由1个佤族个体和4个藏族个体组成，C3群中除2个藏族个体外均为其他3个民族个体，4个群体的大部分个体聚在C4群，根据核酸多态度计算的净遗传距离重建的进化树显示，傣族，佤族和拉祜族的亲缘关系较接近，与藏族距离较远，结果表明遗传距离与他们的地理分布是非常一致的，而拉枯族与相传同为氐羌后裔并有相近语言的藏族遗传距离却较远，这一结果提示这两个民族可能具有不同的起源。

Genetic Relationship Among Four Yunnan Populations Revealed by Sequence of mtDNA D-loop

mtDNA D-loop noncoding region 16048～16569 and the following 1～41 (563bp) in 99 individuals of four Yunnan ethnic minorities (Dai, Wa, Lahu and Tibetan) were sequenced and then a phylogenetic tree was reconstructed by Neighbor-Joining method. These 99 mtDNA lineages were classified into 3 genotype groups in the tree. All lineages with 9 bp deletion in the COⅡ/tRANLys intergenic region were clustered in group Ⅰ, some individuals of Dai, Lahu, Wa and only 2 Tibetan individuals clustered in group Ⅱ, individuals of all four populations were included in group Ⅲ. A phylogenetic tree of the four populations was constructed by NJ method on the basis of estimate of net genetic distance among them. Our results showed, the genetic distance among Dai, Wa and Lahu is very close, but far from Tibetan, their genetic distance is similar to their geographic distance. Although both as descendants of ancient Di-Qiang tribe in history and speaking similar language,Lahu and Tibetan are not closely related. This result indicates that there are different origins of these two populations.