Recent advances of research on the [PSI+] prion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Prion diseases such as bovine spongiform encephalopathy or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease have been extensively studied in recent years. Research in this field is being done in highly secured laboratories because of potential transmission of prions to humans. Emerging similarities between mammalian and yeast prions allow using yeast-based assays to examine the activity of anti-prion drugs. Besides the intensively studied clinical aspects of prion diseases, the evolutionary aspects of prion proteins present in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are also extensively investigated. One of the key feature of prions, the ability to be stable in two alternative conformations, seems to play an important role in the evolution of this fungi, although some authors point out the negative influence of these particles upon yeast physiology. In this review, the most intensively studied fields of the research carried out on PSI+] prion in yeast are summarized.