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Human bronchial smooth muscle responsiveness after in vitro exposure to oxidizing pollutants
Authors:R Marthan  E Roux  J-P Savineau
Institution:(1) Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Respiratoire, Université Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France;(2) Laboratoire de Ph Physiologie Cellulaire Respiratoire, Faculté de Médecine Victor Pachon, Université Bordeaux 2, 146, rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
Abstract:The aims of this work were (1) to determine the dose-response relationship between ex vivo exposure to oxidizing pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), the aldehyde acrolein, and ozone (O3), and the reactivity to agonists in isolated human bronchial smooth muscle; and (2) to investigate the alterations in the cellular mechanisms of human airway smooth muscle contraction induced by such exposures. Experiments were performed in isolated human bronchi obtained at thoracotomy. Isometric contraction in response to a variety of agonists was compared between pollutant-exposed preparations and paired controls. Short exposures to NO2, acrolein, or O3 altered the subsequent airway smooth muscle responsiveness in a dose-dependent manner. The cellular mechanisms producing the airway hyperresponsiveness observed in vitro are shared by the three pollutants and include alterations in airway smooth muscle excitation-contraction coupling as well as indirect effects on neutral endopeptidase activity.Abbreviations ACh acetylcholine - CCRC cumulative concentration-response curve - KH Krebs-Henseleit solution - NEP neutral endopeptidase - NKA neurokinin A - SP substance P
Keywords:acrolein  bronchial hyperresponsiveness  calcium  ozone  excitation-contraction coupling
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