菌根真菌促进植物吸收利用氮素机制的研究进展

作为自然界最为普遍的一种植物共生体,菌根能够极大地促进植物对氮素的吸收和利用,其中菌根真菌在共生结构功能中发挥了重要作用。本文分别从菌根解剖构造、生理生化和分子生物学方面系统总结了菌根真菌促进植物吸收和利用氮素的研究现状。重点介绍了菌根真菌可利用的氮素形态及影响其利用的主要因素、菌根真菌的氮代谢途径GS-GOGAT以及菌根真菌中存在的鸟氨酸循环途径,指出精氨酸是菌丝内氮转运的主要形式,NH3可能为菌根真菌和植物界面质外体的主要转运形式。

Mechanisms of mycorrhizal fungi in promoting nitrogen uptake and utilization by plants:A review

Mycorrhiza is the most common symbiosis in nature, which can greatly promote the nitrogen uptake and utilization by host plants. In the function of the mutualistic symbiosis, mycorrhizal fungi play an important role. This paper summarized the research progress in the mechanisms of mycorrhizal fungi in promoting the nitrogen uptake and utilization by plants from the aspects of mycorrhizal anatomical structure, physiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology, with the focus on the available nitrogen forms and the factors affecting their utilization, the nitrogen metabolic pathways GS-GOGAT in mycorrhzal fungi, and the ornithine cycle in mycorrhizal fungi. It was pointed out that arginine was the main nitrogen translocation form within the hyphae, and NH3 could be the main nitrogen translocation form in the interfacial apoplast.