红松洼自然保护区草甸群落结构与多样性对管理模式的响应

管理模式对草甸植物群落结构和多样性有重要影响。以红松洼国家级自然保护区为研究地点,对比研究了实验区、缓冲区和核心区草甸植物群落结构和多样性对不同管理模式的响应。结果表明:实验区群落盖度显著高于核心区和缓冲区(P<0.05),三个区群落高度差异不显著(P>0.05),核心区群落密度明显高于实验区和缓冲区(P<0.05),三个区枯死物现存量差异显著(P<0.05);实验区地上生物量显著低于缓冲区和核心区(P<0.05),核心区地下生物量明显高于缓冲区和实验区(P<0.05);三个区的地下生物量都主要分布在0～10cm土层,向下逐层降低,其中核心区和实验区绝大部分根系主要分布在土壤表层,但相对深度不同;实验区与缓冲区植物群落优势物种较多,多个物种共同占有优势,而核心区的优势种少,优势物种集中;Shannon指数大小依次为缓冲区>实验区>核心区,Margalef指数为缓冲区>核心区>实验区。

Responses of meadow community structure and diversity to management mode: A case study in Hongsongwa Natural Reserve

Management mode has important effects on the meadow community structure and diversity. Taking the National Hongsongwa Natural Reserve as test site, a comparative study was made on the responses of meadow community structure and diversity in the experimental area, buffer area, and core area to different management modes. The community coverage in the experimental area was significantly higher than that in the buffer and core areas (P<0.05), but the community height had less difference. The community density in the core area was significantly larger than that in the experimental and buffer areas (P<0.05), and the litter amount had significant differences among the three areas (P<0.05). The aboveground biomass in the experimental area was significantly lower than that in the buffer and core areas (P<0.05), while the underground biomass in the core area was significantly higher than that in the experimental and buffer areas (P<0.05). In the three areas, underground biomass was mainly distributed in the 0-10 cm soil layer, and decreased with soil depth. In the experimental and core areas, plant roots were mainly distributed in surface soil, but the relative depth differed. In the experimental and buffer areas, dominant species were more in number; while in the core area, dominant species were fewer and presented a concentrated distribution. The Shannon index was in the order of buffer area > experimental area > core area, while the Margalef index was in the sequence of buffer area > core area > experimental area.