美国实验动物医学发展简史——对中国实验动物医学发展的思考

美国实验动物医学的发展起始于上世纪50年代,目前可能代表着世界上该领域的最高水平.本文对其发展史作了简的地回顾,包括生物医学领域对实验动物兽医的需求,实验动物科学领域早期的兽医实践,实验动物医学会的诞生,实验动物医学领域的培训、教育和考核等的沿革,以及相关法律法规对实验动物医学发展的影响等.笔者依据自身的工作实践和中国国情对中国实验动物医学领域的发展进行了一些思考,期盼实验动物相关法律法规能更加完善、在兽医教育中适度增加实验动物医学相关内容、加强实验动物医学领军人才的培养、加强实验动物医学界多渠道的交流、增加相关领域科研投入和支持等.中国要站在西方发达国家的肩膀上,借鉴其成功的经验,发展有中国特色的实验动物医学事业.

Brief History of Laboratory Animal Medicine in USA-what Does it Mean to China

Laboratory animal medicine （LAM）, as a specialty within veterinary medicine, started in 1950s in the USA. USA represents probably the most advanced LAM in the world. The objective of this article was to concisely brief the history of LAM in the USA, including the needs for laboratory animal veterinarians in Biomedical field; early veterinary practice in laboratory animal sciences; the establishment of American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine （ACLAM） ; the historical and current practice of education, training and certification in LAM ; and the impact and influence of laws and regulations on LAM. Based upon personal experiences of the authors and the national situations in China, it was proposed that strategy for LAM development in China would include but not limited to the followings; further consummating laboratory animal related laws and regulations, strengthening LAM contents in veterinary education and training, advocating and promoting the training of future LAM leaders, enhancing multi-channel networking among LAM professionals, further supporting and investing in LAM related research. ＂Standing on the shoulders＂ of well developed LAM collective wisdom, we should be able to build up, step by step, our LAM specialty with Chinese characteristics.