Association of iron metabolism markers,socioeconomic and lifestyle factors with endometriosis: A cross-sectional study |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China;2. Department of Science and Education, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China;1. Department of Neurosurgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital with the SP ZOZ Polyclinic in Krakow, 30-901 Krakow, Poland;2. Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland;3. Department of Neurosurgery, St. Raphael Hospital, 30-693 Krakow, Poland;4. Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski University, 30-705 Kraków, Poland;5. Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;6. Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital, Kraków, Poland;7. Department of Rehabilitation in Orthopedics, Faculty of Motor Rehabilitation Bronisław Czech University of Physical Education in Kraków, Poland;8. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;9. Department of Neurosurgery, Provincial Specialist Hospital No. 2 in Jastrzębie-Zdrój, 44-300 Jastrzębie-Zdrój, Poland;1. Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil;2. Discipline of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;3. Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Geral de Itapecerica da Serra—HGIS, Itapecerica da Serra, São Paulo, Brazil;1. Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;2. Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;3. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;4. Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;1. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India;2. Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India;1. University of Life Sciences ”King Michael I”, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara, Romania;2. “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, Institute of Life Sciences, Romania;1. Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;2. Immunology Department, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;3. University of Debrecen, Medical School Hungary, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen;4. Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;5. Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;6. Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;7. Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai 602105, India;8. University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India;9. Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;10. Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;11. School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia;12. Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundEvidence on the link between iron metabolism markers and endometriosis is limited. We aimed to investigate the associations of iron metabolism markers, including serum ferritin level and transferrin saturation, with endometriosis.MethodsThis study involved 6551 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine the linear relationships between iron metabolism markers and endometriosis. Furthermore, restricted cubic splines were used to identify the non-linear dose-response associations.ResultsUnivariable analysis showed that the factors associated with endometriosis included age, race, education level, and smoking status. In multivariable model, compared with lowest quartile, highest quartile of serum ferritin level was positively associated with endometriosis (OR: 2.11, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.31, 3.40, P = 0.004), and third quartile of transferrin saturation positively associated with endometriosis (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.29, P = 0.033). The restricted cubic splines showed the non-linear (inverted U-shape) associations between serum ferritin level and transferrin saturation and endometriosis (all P for non-linear＜0.01), indicating that the ORs of endometriosis increased with serum ferritin level and transferrin saturation up to the turning point and thereafter the ORs of endometriosis did not significantly increase with the increasing serum ferritin and transferrin saturation.ConclusionsOur findings suggests that serum ferritin level and transferrin saturation were positively associated with endometriosis. Serum ferritin and transferrin saturation may be an important marker for endometriosis. Future prospective and longitudinal studies are necessary to better understand these findings. |
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| Keywords: | Iron metabolism Serum ferritin Transferrin saturation Endometriosis Cross-sectional study |
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