Increased incidence of rare cancers and varied age distributions by cancer group: A population-based cancer registry study in Hiroshima Prefecture,Japan |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2, Hijiyama Park, Minami-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 732-0815, Japan;2. Division of International Health Policy Research, Institution for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;3. Research Department, Fondazione IRCSS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumouri, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy;1. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;2. School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Street, Shenzhen 518055, China;1. Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;2. Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada;3. Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada;1. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, 4K3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;2. Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000 Brussels, Belgium;3. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35 blok D box 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;4. Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France;5. WHO Classification of Tumours, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France;6. IDEWE (Externe dienst voor Preventie en Bescherming op het Werk), Interleuvenlaan 58, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium;1. Victorian Heart Institute, Melbourne, Australia;2. Monash Heart, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia;3. Monash University, Melbourne, Australia;1. Department of General Practice and Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia;2. Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia;3. Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia;4. Primary Care Collaborative Cancer Clinical Trials Group (PC4), Carlton, Australia |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundEpidemiological characteristics of many types of rare cancers are limited especially in Asia. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the burden and changing time trends of rare cancers in Hiroshima, Japan.MethodsThe internationally agreed RARECAREnet list of rare cancers was used to identify patients diagnosed with cancers from 2005 to 2015 who were registered in the Hiroshima Prefecture Cancer Registry. Quality indicators specific to rare cancers were assessed by cancer grouping. Crude incidence rates (IRs) and age-standardized rates (ASRs) were calculated for 216 single cancers (rare and common) included in the list. A joinpoint regression was used to analyze age distribution and time trends in the ASRs for 12 internationally agreed rare cancer families. Quality indicators, ASRs, and IRs in Japan were identified to examine IR differences and the effects on data accuracy.ResultsThe 231,328 cases were used to calculate the IRs of each cancer. Epithelial tumors in rare families increased with age, but nonepithelial tumors occurred at any age. The proportion of rare cancer families to total cancers was stable. The time trend for families of head and neck cancers (annual percent change and 95 % confidence interval: 2.4 %; 1.2–3.7 %), neuroendocrine tumors (6.6 %; 5.1–8.1 %), and hematological cancers (4.3 %; 3.2–5.5 %) markedly increased.ConclusionThe ASRs of several rare cancers increased because of increased knowledge of these diseases, improved diagnostic techniques, and aggressive diagnoses. |
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| Keywords: | Rare cancer Cancer incidence Population-based cancer registry Pathological tissue registry RARECAREnet Asia Age distribution |
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