14-3-3 Proteins and photoneuroendocrine transduction: role in controlling the daily rhythm in melatonin |
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Authors: | Klein D C Ganguly S Coon S Weller J L Obsil T Hickman A Dyda F |
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Institution: | Section on Neuroendocrinology, Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4480, USA. klein@helix.nih.gov |
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Abstract: | This paper describes the role 14-3-3 proteins play in vertebrate photoneuroendocrine transduction. 14-3-3 proteins form a complex with arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), the enzyme which turns melatonin production on during the day and off at night. Complex formation is triggered at night by cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of the enzyme, and results in activation and protection against proteolysis. This enhances melatonin production >10-fold. Light exposure results in dephosphorylation of the enzyme and disassociation from 14-3-3, leading to destruction and a rapid drop in melatonin production and release and circulating levels. |
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