Crystal structure of extracellular human BAFF, a TNF family member that stimulates B lymphocytes |
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Authors: | Karpusas Michael Cachero Teresa G Qian Fang Boriack-Sjodin Ann Mullen Colleen Strauch Kathy Hsu Yen-Ming Kalled Susan L |
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Institution: | Biogen, Inc., 14 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. michael_karpusas@biogen.com |
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Abstract: | B cell activating factor (BAFF), a ligand belonging to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, plays a critical role in regulating survival and activation of peripheral B cell populations and has been associated with autoimmune disease. BAFF is known to interact with three receptors, BCMA, TACI and BAFF-R, that have distant similarities with other receptors of the TNF family. We have determined the crystal structure of the TNF-homologous domain of BAFF at 2.8 A resolution. The structure reveals significant differences when compared to other TNF family members, including an unusually long D-E loop that participates in the formation of a deep, concave and negatively charged region in the putative receptor binding site. The BAFF structure was further used to generate a homology model of APRIL, a closely related TNF family ligand that also binds to BCMA and TACI, but not BAFF-R. Analysis of the putative receptor binding sites of BAFF and APRIL suggests that differences in the D-E loop structure and electrostatic surface potentials may be important for determining binding specificities for BCMA, TACI and BAFF-R. |
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Keywords: | Blys B lymphocyte cytokine TNF ligand tumor necrosis factor |
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