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Emergence of genotype I of Japanese encephalitis virus as the dominant genotype in Asia
Authors:Pan Xiao-Ling  Liu Hong  Wang Huan-Yu  Fu Shi-Hong  Liu Hai-Zhou  Zhang Hai-Lin  Li Ming-Hua  Gao Xiao-Yan  Wang Jing-Lin  Sun Xiao-Hong  Lu Xin-Jun  Zhai You-Gang  Meng Wei-Shan  He Ying  Wang Huan-Qin  Han Na  Wei Bo  Wu Yong-Gan  Feng Yun  Yang Du-Juan  Wang Li-Hua  Tang Qin  Xia Guoliang  Kurane Ichiro  Rayner Simon  Liang Guo-Dong
Institution:Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China.
Abstract:Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne zoonotic pathogen, is one of the major causes of viral encephalitis worldwide. Previous phylogenetic studies based on the envelope protein indicated that there are four genotypes, and surveillance data suggest that genotype I is gradually replacing genotype III as the dominant strain. Here we report an evolutionary analysis based on 98 full-length genome sequences of JEV, including 67 new samples isolated from humans, pigs, mosquitoes, midges. and bats in affected areas. To investigate the relationships between the genotypes and the significance of genotype I in recent epidemics, we estimated evolutionary rates, ages of common ancestors, and population demographics. Our results indicate that the genotypes diverged in the order IV, III, II, and I and that the genetic diversity of genotype III has decreased rapidly while that of genotype I has increased gradually, consistent with its emergence as the dominant genotype.
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