Conservation genetics of the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) |
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Authors: | Sarah M Brown Bronwyn A Houlden |
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Institution: | (1) Evolutionary Biology Unit, Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney, 2000, Australia;;(2) Division of Ecosystem Management, University of New England, Armidale, 2351, Australia;(3) School of Biological Sciences, University of New South Wales, 2052, Australia;;(4) Zoological Parks Board of NSW, PO Box 20, Mosman, 2088, Australia |
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Abstract: | We analysed genetic variation in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region in the Diceros bicornis minor and D. b. michaelianimals at the Western Plains Zoo, which form part of an international ex-situ breeding program. Six of the nine D. b. minor animals were wild-caught from Zimbabwe during the 1990s, and our study revealed five distinct mtDNA haplotypes, and a haplotype diversity of 0.86 in the colony. Phylogenetic relationships between mtDNA haplotypes analyzed using the neighbor joining method reveal that for the small sample available, D. b. minor and D. b. michaeli are reciprocally monophyletic and represent separate ancestral lineages. Nucleotide divergence between the black and and white rhinoceros(Ceratotherium simum) was 14.0%, and nucleotide divergencebetween the D. b. minor and the D. b. michaeli subspecies was 2.6%. This suggests a divergence time for the two blackrhinoceros subspecies of between 0.93 MY and 1.3 MY. |
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Keywords: | control region mitochondrial DNA phylogeography rhinoceros |
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