不同垦复方式油茶林土壤节肢动物多样性特征

【目的】油茶新造林特别是纯林不断骤增导致油茶林害虫发生日趋严重,食用茶油安全倍受威胁。为探索有效控制油茶林害虫发生的途径,保护分解者跳虫等土壤节肢动物多样性。【方法】基于Tullgren干漏斗法和巴氏罐法,对半垦复油茶幼林、全垦复油茶幼林、全垦复油茶成林和未垦复油茶成林4种不同油茶林的20个土样和15个凋落物样中的土壤跳虫和土壤其他节肢动物多样性特征进行了研究。【结果】共分离出跳虫315头,隶属6科8属;其他土壤节肢动物11科17种295头。多样性分析结果表明,油茶成林地比幼林地土壤动物的多样性指数高,多样化的地被物有利于提高土壤动物的多样性,垦复和施肥等人为干扰显著地降低土壤跳虫的多样性,却有利于增加罐诱土壤动物的多样性,水源是土壤动物生存的关键因子,对林地跳虫和罐诱动物的多样性提高有显著促进作用。【结论】探明了不同垦复类型油茶林土壤跳虫和土壤其他罐诱节肢动物多样性特征,对合理开展油茶林垦复,发挥油茶林土壤跳虫和土壤节肢动物分解功能提供了科学依据。

Soil Arthropod diversity in Camellia oleifera forest of different reclamation ways

Objectives] With the continuous increase of new afforestation of Camellia oleifera, the occurrence of pest is becoming more and more serious, C. oleifera seed oil safety is threatened. In order to explore the way of effectively controlling the C. oleifera forest pest, protect the diversity of decomposition such as soil arthropod. Methods] Based on Tullgren dried funnel and pitfall traps method, systematically studied soil collembolan and other arthropod diversity characteristics in C. oleifera forest of four different reclamation ways. 100 trap tanks were set in 20 quadrates, 20 soil samples and 15 litters of 4 different reclamation ways in C. oleifera were sampled. Results] 315 springtails belonging to 6 families and 8 genera were detached and identified;295 soil other arthropod belonging to 11 families were identified. Variance analysis results showed that, the biological diversity index of the grown C. oleifera forest are higher than the young, rich variety of ground cover is beneficial to improving the soil arthropods diversity, human disturbance such as reclamation and fertilization can significantly reduce the diversity of soil springtails, but it is helpful to increase tank trapped arthropods diversity;Water is the key factor of soil arthropods survival, and has a significant role in promoting the diversity of woodland springtails and tank trapped soil arthropods. Conclusion] It can provide a scientific basis for reasonably reclaimming C. oleifera forest, promoting the decomposition functional of soil Collembola and arthropod by ascertaining the diversity characteristics soil Collembola and arthropod in different reclamation type of C. oleifera oleifera forest.