Electrochemical investigation of cellular uptake of quantum dots decorated with a proline-rich cell penetrating peptide

The use of square wave voltammetry to monitor the cellular uptake, in HeLa cells, of quantum dots (QD) decorated with sweet arrow peptide (SAP) is reported. A SAP derivative containing an additional N-terminal cysteine residue (C-SAP) was synthesized using the solid-phase method and conjugated to QDs. The obtained results show that QDs-SAP either interact with the extracellular cell membrane matrix or translocate the bilayer. The first situation, membrane adsorption, is probably a transient state before cellular uptake. Both confocal microscopy and SWV results support the detection of this cellular internalization process. The developed electrochemical investigation technique can provide valuable insights into the study of peptide-mediated delivery, as well as the design and development of nanoparticle probes for intracellular imaging, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications. In addition, the described electrochemical interrogation is low cost, is easy to use, and offers future interest for diagnostics including cell analysis.