广东客家人5项舌运动类型的人类学研究

应用随机群体抽样方法对广东梅州地区203例客家人(其中男68例,女135例)的卷舌、叠舌、翻舌、尖舌、三叶舌5项体质人类学指标进行调查,与国内外族群资料进行比较,分析了5项指标间的相互关系。结果显示,1)广东客家人卷舌率为63.05%,叠舌率为6.90%,翻舌率为34.48%,尖舌率为67.98%,三叶舌率为3.45%。与国内族群比较,广东客家人卷舌率较低,叠舌率中等,翻舌率较高,尖舌率较低,三叶舌率低。2)广东客家人舌运动类型出现率与四川邛崃汉族最为接近,具有南方族群的特征。3)广东客家人只有卷舌-翻舌间存在着相关。卷舌基因与叠舌基因是相互独立的。

Five Tongue Moving Types of the Hakka Peoples from Meizhou,Guangdong

A sample of 203 Hakka students (68 males, 135 females) was investigated in terms of 5 tongue moving types, including rolling, folding, twisting, pointed tongue and clover-leaf tongue. The results were as follows: 1) The frequencies of rolling, folding, twisting, pointed tongue and cloverleaf tongue were 63.05%, 6.90%, 34.48%, 67.98% and 3.45% respectively. Compared to other nationalities, the Hakka had lower frequencies of rolling, pointed tongue and clover-leaf tongue. The frequencies of folding were intermediate, while the frequencies of twisting were higher. 2) The results of cluster analysis showed that the tongue moving types of the Hakka were similar to those of the Han in Qianglai. 3) The genes for rolling has an interactive relationship with the genes for folding. The genes of rolling and folding are independent of each other.