Toll信号通路在中枢神经系统损伤中的作用

Toll样受体(Toll-like receptors,TLR)是先天性免疫反应识别病原体的一个重要分子,在免疫系统中发挥关键作用.其家族各种成员的主要功能是识别入侵病原体表面的各种不同分子模式,随后启动免疫反应,达到保护机体作用.在大脑中,小胶质细胞可以作为抗原提呈细胞,参与脑内免疫反应,也可以通过分泌各种促炎症因子启动或促进免疫反应,而TLR家族在中枢神经免疫系统的作用仍存在争议,它既可以通过促进神经免疫反应枢纽因子的表达来增强免疫,也可因免疫过度而损伤神经细胞.总之,Toll信号通路对中枢神经系统疾病有一定的调控作用.

Roles of Toll Signaling Pathway in Response to Injuries of the Central Nervous System

Toll-like receptors (TLR) are important molecules for the innate immune response in pathogen recognitions and also play other roles in the immune system. Various members of TLRs involved in the processes to identify pathogen molecular patternss and to initiate the immune responses for the protection of the host. In the brain, microglia cells function as the antigen presenting cells and secrete a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines trigger or enhance the immune response. The immune function of the TLR family in the central nervous system appeared to be controversial. It promotes the immune responses by supply important factors, but the excess immune responses lead to damages to neuronal cells. The toll signaling pathway in the immune regulations in the central nervous system will be discussed.