Subclinical brain injury caused by H5N1 influenza virus infection |
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Authors: | Shinya Kyoko Makino Akiko Hatta Masato Watanabe Shinji Kim Jin Hyun Hatta Yasuko Gao Peng Ozawa Makoto Le Quynh Mai Kawaoka Yoshihiro |
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Institution: | Division of Zoonosis, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. |
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Abstract: | Although H5N1 influenza A viruses can cause systemic infection, their neurotropism and long-term effects on the central nervous system (CNS) are not fully understood. We assessed H5N1viral invasion of the CNS and its long-term effects in a ferret model. An H5N1 virus caused nonsuppurative encephalitis, which lasted for 3 months without neurologic signs. Further, another H5N1 virus caused nonsuppurative vasculitis with brain hemorrhage. Three-dimensional analysis of viral distribution in the brain identified the olfactory system as a major route for brain invasion. The efficient growth of virus in the upper respiratory tract may thus facilitate viral brain invasion. |
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