中国木兰科各属次生木质部的解剖特征及系统演化

综述了中国木兰科10属的次生木质部解剖学特征,包括导管分子,纤维管胞和木射线。同时,进一步讨论了其系统演化。这10属分为两亚科,即:木兰亚科(Magnoliodeae),包括木兰族(Magnolieae)和含笑族(Michelieae Law),木兰族有木莲属(Maglietia Bl.)、华盖木属(Manglietiastrum Law)、木兰属(Magnolia L.)、拟单性木兰属(Parakmeria Hu et Cheng)、单性木兰属[Kmeria(Pierre) Dandy]、长蕊木兰属(Alcimandra Dandy)共六属;含笑族有含笑属(Michelia L.)、合果木属(Paramichelia Hu)、观光木属(Tsoongiodendron Chun)共三属。鹅掌楸亚科[Liriodendroideae(Bark) Law],仅鹅掌楸属(Liriodendron L.)一属。大量的木材解剖学研究表明,木兰科的原始性很明显,但也有一些进化特征。可以通过属间的差别来分析本科的系统演化。木兰科的系统演化可简单总结为:木兰亚科[木兰族(木莲属,华盖木属,拟单性木兰属,单性木兰属→木兰属,长蕊木兰属)→含笑族]→鹅掌楸亚科。

ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF SECONDARY XYLEM OF MAGNOLIACEAE IN CHINA

The anatomical characteristics and phylogenetic relationships of secondary xylem of Magnoliaceae in China are described, including vessels、fibre-trachieds and rays. The ten genera may be divided into two subfamilies. The first subfamily is Magnoliodeae, including Magnolieae(tribe), which has Maglietia Bl., Manglietiastrum Law, Magnolia L., Parakmeria Hu et Cheng, Kmeria (Pierre) Dandy, Alcimandra Dandy six genera and Michelieae Law(tribe), which has Michelia L., Paramichelia Hu, Tsoongiodendron Chun three genera. The second subfamily is Liriodendroideae (Bark) Law, which only includes Liriodendron L. We analyzed the phylogenetic relationships by means of the differences of secondary xylem between the genera. The phylogenetic relationships of Magnoliaceae may be described as follows:[Magnolieae (Maglietia Bl., Manglietiastrum Law, Parakmeria Hu et Cheng, Kmeria (Pierre) Dandy→Magnolia L., Alcimandra Dandy)→Michelieae Law]→Liriodendroideae (Bark) Law.