Expert systems and the pancreatic cancer problem: decision support in the pre-operative diagnosis |
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| Institution: | 1. Istituto IV Clinica Chirurgica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, V. le Policlinico, I-00161, Rome, Italy;2. IASI/CNR, V. le Manzoni 30, I-00185, Rome, Italy;3. ITBM/CNR, V. Morgagni 30/E, I-00161, Rome, Italy;1. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Liver Transplantation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India;2. Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India;3. Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India;1. Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital Universitario Mútua Terrassa,, Terrassa, Barcelona, España;2. Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sant Joan Despi Moisés Broggi, Sant Joan Despí, Barcelona, España;3. Anemia Working Group España;4. Servicio de Cirugía, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España;5. Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España;6. Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Sabadell, Barcelona, España;7. Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España;8. Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital Universitario Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, España;9. Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, España;10. Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebrón, Barcelona, España;11. Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital de Mataró, Consorci Sanitari del Maresme, Mataró, Barcelona, España;12. Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital General de Granollers, Granollers, Barcelona, España;13. Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, España;14. Servicio de Cirugía Gastrointestinal, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, España;15. Servicio de Cirugía, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, España;p. Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital de Sant Joan Despi Moisés Broggi, Sant Joan Despí, Barcelona, España;q. Servicio de Cirugía, Hospital de Sant Joan de Déu de Martorell, Martorell, Barcelona, España;r. Departamento de Epidemiología, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos;s. Unidad de Aféresis, Departamento de Hemoterapia y Hemostasia, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, España;t. Sección de Cirugía Gastrointestinal, Hospital Universitari del Mar, Barcelona, España;1. Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland;2. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland;3. Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland;4. Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland;5. Department of Internal Medicine, Autoimmune and Metabolic Diseases, School of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland;1. Department of Pediatrics, the Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, United States;2. Department of Pathology and Neurosurgery, the Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States;3. ProThera Biologics, Inc, Providence, RI, United States;1. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea;2. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Neuro-Oncology, Huston, TX, 77030, USA;3. Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Expo-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | In this paper, after reviewing the main issue in artificial intelligence, decision support systems, medical decision-making, expert systems and some of their applications in medicine, we focus on the diagnostic aspect of pancreatic cancer. We briefly examine the most significant applications both from the oncological and from the diagnostic point of view. We discuss the medical problems mentioning incidence and mortality, aetiological factors and diagnosis, considering the roles of surgery and adjuvant therapies. Finally we justify the decision to develop an expert system in such a medical domain and discuss the SPES (Surgical Pancreatic Expert System) project, its parts dealing with the different medical phases of pancreatic cancer diagnosis and therapy: pre-operative, intra-operative and adjuvant therapies. In particular we discuss diagnostic aspects of pancreatic cancer disease, pointing out the aims of the project, methodologies, tools used and future developments. |
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