Use of functional electrical stimulation in the rehabilitation of patients with incomplete spinal cord injuries |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt;2. Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;1. Physiotherapy Department, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of English Language Teaching, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;4. Department of Industrial Engineering & Manufacturing, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, WI, USA;1. Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands;2. Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands;3. Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands;4. Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands;5. Department of Rehabilitation, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands;1. Technische Universität Ilmenau, Technical Mechanics Group, 98693 Max-Planck-Ring 12, Ilmenau, Germany;2. Technische Universität Ilmenau, Biomechatronics Group, 98693 Max-Planck-Ring 12, Ilmenau, Germany;3. Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Institute of Systematic Zoology and Evolutionary Biology with Phyletic Museum, 07743 Erbertstraße 1, Jena, Germany;1. Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China;2. Complex Intelligent Network Institute, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China;3. Department of Mathematics, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China;4. Department of Computer Science, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | When patients enter the Rehabilitation Centre a therapeutic electrical stimulation programme is immediately initiated. Three groups of patients were identified: (i) those in whom an improvement of both voluntary and stimulated muscle force was observed, (ii) those with an increase in stimulation response only, and (iii) patients in whom no effect of electrical stimulation training could be recorded. Isometric measurement of voluntary and stimulated knee joint torque revealed that in a great number of patients one leg was severely paralysed while the other leg was under sufficient voluntary control. Unilateral two-channel stimulation of knee extensors and the peroneal nerve was proposed as an orthotic aid for this group of patients. Exaggerated extensor tone was observed by assessment of spasticity around the knee joint. A two-channel peroneal stimulator was found to be a useful approach in order to inhibit this tone and thereby help the patients to initiate a step. |
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